Python当我捕获异常时，如何获取类型，文件和行号？


Python When I catch an exception, how do I get the type, file, and line number?

捕获一个将按如下方式打印的异常：

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Traceback (most recent call last):
  File"c:/tmp.py", line 1, in <module>
    4 / 0
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero

我想把它格式化为：

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ZeroDivisonError, tmp.py, 1
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import sys, os

try:
    raise NotImplementedError("No error")
except Exception as e:
    exc_type, exc_obj, exc_tb = sys.exc_info()
    fname = os.path.split(exc_tb.tb_frame.f_code.co_filename)[1]
    print(exc_type, fname, exc_tb.tb_lineno)
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simplest形式，为我工作。

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import traceback

try:
    print(4/0)
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print(traceback.format_exc())

输出

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Traceback (most recent call last):
  File"/path/to/file.py", line 51, in <module>
    print(4/0)
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

Process finished with exit code 0
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源(Py v2.7.3)traceback.format _例外(所谓的)和/ helps greatly相关函数。embarrassingly，总是忘记读《源代码。在我对这只母狗在搜索类似徒劳的细节。一个简单的问题，"如何recreate相同的输出作为Python例外的情况一样，与所有的细节。"这会让任何人90 +百分之二，不管他们的寻找。时滞，和这是IP的实例。希望它helps他人。(它的酸性帮我！；-)

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import sys, traceback

traceback_template = '''Traceback (most recent call last):
  File"%(filename)s", line %(lineno)s, in %(name)s
%(type)s: %(message)s
''' # Skipping the"actual line" item

# Also note: we don't walk all the way through the frame stack in this example
# see hg.python.org/cpython/file/8dffb76faacc/Lib/traceback.py#l280
# (Imagine if the 1/0, below, were replaced by a call to test() which did 1/0.)

try:
    1/0
except:
    # http://docs.python.org/2/library/sys.html#sys.exc_info
    exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback = sys.exc_info() # most recent (if any) by default

    '''
    Reason this _can_ be bad: If an (unhandled) exception happens AFTER this,
    or if we do not delete the labels on (not much) older versions of Py, the
    reference we created can linger.

    traceback.format_exc/print_exc do this very thing, BUT note this creates a
    temp scope within the function.
    '''

    traceback_details = {
                         'filename': exc_traceback.tb_frame.f_code.co_filename,
                         'lineno'  : exc_traceback.tb_lineno,
                         'name'    : exc_traceback.tb_frame.f_code.co_name,
                         'type'    : exc_type.__name__,
                         'message' : exc_value.message, # or see traceback._some_str()
                        }

    del(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback) # So we don't leave our local labels/objects dangling
    # This still isn't"completely safe", though!
    #"Best (recommended) practice: replace all exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback
    # with sys.exc_info()[0], sys.exc_info()[1], sys.exc_info()[2]

    print
    print traceback.format_exc()
    print
    print traceback_template % traceback_details
    print

在这个特定的查询答案：

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sys.exc_info()[0].__name__, os.path.basename(sys.exc_info()[2].tb_frame.f_code.co_filename), sys.exc_info()[2].tb_lineno
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这里是一个example of the Line number of表现例外在需要的地方。

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import sys
try:
    print(5/0)
except Exception as e:
    print('Error on line {}'.format(sys.exc_info()[-1].tb_lineno), type(e).__name__, e)

print('And the rest of program continues')