关于python：如何删除这些检查功能是全局的需要

How can I remove need for these checking functions to be global

我正在使用Python测试RESTAPI。我得到一个作为JSON的响应消息，并希望检查每个字段。我已经创建了一个check json函数，并对照一个checker字典进行检查。checker字典有一个字符串键，它是json中键的名称，值是一个具有第一个bool参数的元组(一对)，无论item是强制的，第二个参数是要进行直接比较的对象，还是添加更多相关检查功能的函数。

我是这样开支票的：

1	r= check_json(myjson, checker)

其中r是格式为"field"的结果：true或false-取决于检查是否通过或失败

代码有点混乱，有很多全局函数。其中一个想法是在check-json中包含is-checking函数。我被告知我也可以使用闭包。但是怎么做呢？

这是我的代码：

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# check nested json
import json
import collections
import functools
import datetime

#this is json from GET session
myjson = {
"accessed":"Wed, 31 Jul 2013 13:03:38 GMT",
"created":"Wed, 31 Jul 2013 13:03:38 GMT",
"dnUrls": [
"http://135.86.180.69:8580/ucc/api/v1/session/dns/50000"
],
"expires":"Wed, 31 Jul 2013 13:03:48 GMT",
"modified":"Wed, 31 Jul 2013 13:03:38 GMT",
"name":"KW50000",
"person": {
"employeeId":"KW50000",
"firstName":"KW50000",
"lastName":"Dev5"
},
"previewRedirect": {
"destination":"",
"enabled": False,
"setupEnabled": False
}
}

def isDate(s):
try:
testdate = datetime.datetime.strptime(s, '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT')
return True
except Exception:
print"conversion to date failed"
return False

def isURL(l):
count = 0
for item in l:
count += 1 if item.startswith("http://") else (-1)

return count > 0

def isAlnum(s):
return s.isalnum()

def isBool(s):
return type(s) == bool

def isAny(s):
return True

#checker object made up of dictionary with string key and tuple value (a pair)
#tuple first filed is flag indicating whether key is mandatory or not.
# tuple 2nd key is value to expect or a checker function
checker = {
"accessed": (True, isDate),
"created": (True, isDate),
"dnUrls": (True, isURL),
"expires": (True, isDate),
"modified": (True, isDate),
"name": (True,"KW50000"),
"person": (True, {
"employeeId": (True, isAlnum),
"firstName": (False, isAny),
"lastName": (False, isAny)
}),
"previewRedirect": (True, {
"destination": (False, isAny),
"enabled": (True, isBool),
"setupEnabled": (False, isBool)
})
}

# returns dictionary with key= fieldname, value = result, either True (Test Pass), False (test Failed)
def check_json(obj, checker):
"""params json to check, template comparison object
returns dictionary of keys to pass/fail values"""

result = {}
for k, (mFlag, chk) in checker.iteritems():
if not k in obj:
result[k] = not mFlag
elif isinstance(chk, collections.Callable):
result[k] = chk(obj[k])
elif(isinstance(chk, collections.Mapping)):
result[k] = check_json(obj[k], chk)
else:
result[k] = chk == obj[k]
return result

def with_and(v1, v2):
return functools.reduce(with_and, v2.itervalues(), v1) if isinstance(v2, collections.Mapping) else v1 and v2

r= check_json(myjson, checker)
print"r={}".format(r)
isOK = functools.reduce(with_and, r.itervalues(), True)
print"Result is {}: {}".format(isOK, r)

号

相关讨论

这是一种可能的方法。您必须决定它是否更可读/可维护/等等。

# check nested json
import collections
from functools import reduce
import datetime

#this is json from GET session
myjson = {
"accessed":"Wed, 31 Jul 2013 13:03:38 GMT",
"created":"Wed, 31 Jul 2013 13:03:38 GMT",
"dnUrls": [
"http://135.86.180.69:8580/ucc/api/v1/session/dns/50000"
],
"expires":"Wed, 31 Jul 2013 13:03:48 GMT",
"modified":"Wed, 31 Jul 2013 13:03:38 GMT",
"name":"KW50000",
"person": {
"employeeId":"KW50000",
"firstName":"KW50000",
"lastName":"Dev5"
},
"previewRedirect": {
"destination":"",
"enabled": False,
"setupEnabled": False
}
}

# returns dictionary with key= fieldname, value = result,
# either True (Test Pass), False (test Failed)
def check_json(obj, checker):
"""params json to check, template comparison object
returns dictionary of keys to pass/fail values"""

result = {}
for k, (mFlag, chk) in checker.items():
if not k in obj:
result[k] = not mFlag
elif isinstance(chk, collections.Callable):
result[k] = chk(obj[k])
elif(isinstance(chk, collections.Mapping)):
result[k] = check_json(obj[k], chk)
else:
result[k] = chk == obj[k]
return result

def isDate(s):
try:
datetime.datetime.strptime(s, '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT')
return True
except Exception:
print("conversion to date failed")
return False

#checker object made up of dictionary with string key and tuple value (a pair)
#tuple first filed is flag indicating whether key is mandatory or not.
# tuple 2nd key is value to expect or a checker function
checker = {
"accessed": (True, check_json.isDate),
"created": (True, check_json.isDate),
"dnUrls": (True, lambda l: (reduce(lambda c, v:\
c + (1 if v.startswith('http://') else -1), l, 0) > 0)),
"expires": (True, check_json.isDate),
"modified": (True, check_json.isDate),
"name": (True,"KW50000"),
"person": (True, {
"employeeId": (True, lambda s: s.isalnum()),
"firstName": (False, True),
"lastName": (False, True)
}),
"previewRedirect": (True, {
"destination": (False, True),
"enabled": (True, lambda s: type(s) is bool),
"setupEnabled": (False, lambda s: type(s) is bool)
})
}

def with_and(v1, v2):
return functools.reduce(with_and, v2.values(), v1)\
if isinstance(v2, collections.Mapping) else v1 and v2

r = check_json(myjson, checker)
print("r={}".format(r))
isOK = functools.reduce(with_and, r.values(), True)
print("Result is {}: {}".format(isOK, r))

请注意，已经为python3修改了代码。主要的变化是尽可能使用lambdas，并使用嵌套函数，否则将消除全局名称空间依赖性。