关于bash：按12小时的时间排序？


Sort by 12-hour time?

今天早上快速(可能很愚蠢)的问题：

我的脚本中有如下数据：

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03:00P - Doctor appointment.
07:00P - Scheduled entry.
10:30A - Another entry.
11:00A - Daytime medication is due.
11:00P - Nighttime medication is due.
11:30P - Staff meeting.

现在我无法更改数据源，输出需要看起来相同，但我需要对其进行正确的排序。有什么解决办法吗？

谢谢！

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告诉sort首先对第六个字符进行排序，然后在第一个字符到第五个字符进行排序：

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sort -k1.6,1.6 -k1.1,1.5

这里有一个基于从答案派生的简单Perl脚本的解决方案，将12小时的日期/时间转换为24小时的日期/时间。

资料来源：s12.pl。

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#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;

sub time_12h_to_24h
{
    my($t12) = @_;
    my($hh,$mm,$ampm) = $t12 =~ m/^(\d\d?):(\d\d?)\s*([AP]M?)/i;
    $hh = ($hh % 12) + (($ampm =~ m/AM?/i) ? 0 : 12);
    return sprintf("%.2d:%.2d", $hh, $mm);
}

while (<>)
{
    my($time_12h, $entry) = split / - /;
    my $time_24h = time_12h_to_24h($time_12h);
    print"$time_24h $time_12h - $entry";
}

注意，代码同时接受AM、PM和A、P并且在AM/PM指示器的大小写之间是中性的，并且忽略了时间和AM/PM指示器之间的空格。

输入数据

此数据集包含12:05a和12:05p的行以及来自问题的数据。

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03:00P - Doctor appointment.
07:00P - Scheduled entry.
10:30A - Another entry.
11:00A - Daytime medication is due.
11:00P - Nighttime medication is due.
11:30P - Staff meeting.
12:05A - Just past midnight and long before 11:00A.
12:05P - Just past midday and long before 11:00P.

双滤波输出

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$ perl s12.pl data | sort | sed 's/^..:.. //'
12:05A - Just past midnight and long before 11:00A.
10:30A - Another entry.
11:00A - Daytime medication is due.
12:05P - Just past midday and long before 11:00P.
03:00P - Doctor appointment.
07:00P - Scheduled entry.
11:00P - Nighttime medication is due.
11:30P - Staff meeting.
$

未筛选的输出

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$ perl s12.pl data | sort
00:05 12:05A - Just past midnight and long before 11:00A.
10:30 10:30A - Another entry.
11:00 11:00A - Daytime medication is due.
12:05 12:05P - Just past midday and long before 11:00P.
15:00 03:00P - Doctor appointment.
19:00 07:00P - Scheduled entry.
23:00 11:00P - Nighttime medication is due.
23:30 11:30P - Staff meeting.
$

请注意，通过将键列(24小时时间列)放在输出的第一位，可以简化sort命令(而且，通常，它也会加快排序速度)。

如果您从时间上获取A或P，并将其放在时间前面，则仅使用正常的sort命令即可正确排序。所以可能是这样：

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awk '{print substr($1,6), $0}' < input  | sort | cut -d' ' -f2-

awk命令生成如下输出：

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P 03:00P - Doctor appointment.
P 07:00P - Scheduled entry.
A 10:30A - Another entry.
A 11:00A - Daytime medication is due.
P 11:00P - Nighttime medication is due.
P 11:30P - Staff meeting.

然后我们用sort去掉前缀。

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