django 1.8 tests with models and migrations
我用django 1.8我有一个引用django.contrib.contenttypes.contenttype的模型：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | from django.db import models from django.contrib.contenttypes.fields import GenericForeignKey from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType class TaggedItem(models.Model): tag = models.SlugField() content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType) object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField() content_object = GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id') def __str__(self): # __unicode__ on Python 2 return self.tag |
我有一个tests.py：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 | class TestObj(models.Model): value = models.IntegerField(default=42, null=False) def __str__(self): text ="%s-%i" % ("name", self.value) return text class MyUnitTest(TestCase): def setUp(self): TestObj.objects.create(value=40) TestObj.objects.create() def test_my_test(self): obj1 = TestObj.objects.get(value=40) obj2 = TestObj.objects.get(value=42) self.assertEqual(obj1.value, 40) self.assertEqual(obj2.value, 42) |
号
当我尝试在不进行迁移的情况下创建数据库时(以及"test")，我会得到一个带有无效引用的错误：
1 2 3 | ./manage.py syncdb ... django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: ERROR: reference"django_content_type" does not exist |
但是，如果我创建一个迁移(/manage.py makemigrations myobj)，则迁移只包含models.py模型(taggedItem)：
1 2 3 | Migrations for 'myobj': 0001_initial.py: - Create model TaggedItem |
。
在我尝试测试我的应用程序后，发现参考myob_testobj不存在错误：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 | ./manage.py test -v3 Creating test database for alias 'default' ('testdb_49308_4288843')... Operations to perform: Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles Apply all migrations: myobj, contenttypes, sessions Synchronizing apps without migrations: Running pre-migrate handlers for application contenttypes Running pre-migrate handlers for application sessions Running pre-migrate handlers for application myobj Creating tables... Running deferred SQL... Installing custom SQL... Loading 'initial_data' fixtures... Checking 'mypro' for fixtures... No fixture 'initial_data' in 'mypro'. Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s) Running migrations: Rendering model states... DONE (0.010s) Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK (0.133s) Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK (0.017s) Applying myobj.0001_initial... OK (0.217s) Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK (0.233s) Running post-migrate handlers for application contenttypes Adding content type 'contenttypes | contenttype' Running post-migrate handlers for application sessions Adding content type 'sessions | session' Running post-migrate handlers for application myobj Adding content type 'myobj | taggeditem' Adding content type 'myobj | testobj' Traceback ... django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: ERROR: reference"myobj_testobj" does not exist |
如果不使用迁移和运行测试，则会创建表myobj_testobj，但会得到一个没有引用"django_content_type"的错误。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 | /manage.py test -v3 Creating test database for alias 'default' ('testdb_773982_6463361')... Operations to perform: Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, myobj Apply all migrations: contenttypes, sessions Synchronizing apps without migrations: Running pre-migrate handlers for application contenttypes Running pre-migrate handlers for application sessions Running pre-migrate handlers for application myobj Creating tables... Creating table myobj_taggeditem **Creating table myobj_testobj** Running deferred SQL... Traceback ... django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: ERROR: reference"django_content_type" does not exist |
。
如何在模型中使用测试？谢谢您。
Django无法发现型号
之后运行
您需要在Django 1.7或更高版本上使用迁移。syncdb已被弃用，不应再使用。
相反，您应该使用makemigrations，然后使用migrate。
您看到此错误的原因是，当您运行syncdb时，它不会运行contenttypes迁移，因此数据库中不存在这些模型。当运行单元测试时，django会自动执行migrate命令，这将解释为什么它在单元测试中工作，但在dev服务器上手动运行时不工作。