Python：通过另一个函数访问函数的返回值

Python: accessing returned values from a function, by another function

我对编程有点新意，刚刚开始真正进入python。
我正在开展一个猜测项目。

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import random

def main(): # main function
print("Welcome to the number guesser game")
range_func()
max_guess_number(lower_range_cut, upper_range_cut)
evaluation(random_number, total_guesses)

def range_func(): # allows user to select a range for the number guess
print("Please select a range in which you would like to guess.")
lower_range_cut = int(input("Lower boundary limit:"))
global lower_range_cut
upper_range_cut = int(input("Upper boundary limit:"))
global upper_range_cut
random_number = random.randint(lower_range_cut,upper_range_cut)
global random_number
return lower_range_cut, upper_range_cut, random_number

def max_guess_number(low,high): # returns the total number of guesses
total_numbers = (high - low) + 1
total_guesses = 0
while (2**total_guesses) < total_numbers:
total_guesses += 1
print ("You have a total of %d guesses
"
"for your range between %d to %d"
% (total_guesses, low, high))
global total_guesses
return total_guesses

def evaluation(random_number, total_guesses): # evaluates the users input
guess_count = 0
while guess_count < total_guesses:
user_guess = int(input("Your guess:"))
print("Your guess is: %d" % (user_guess))
if (random_number == user_guess):
print("You got it")
break
elif user_guess > random_number:
print("Guess lower!")
guess_count += 1
else:
print("Guess higher!")
guess_count += 1

if __name__ =="__main__":
main()

我写这篇文章时遇到的一个问题是，如果不将每个变量重新定义为全局变量，我就无法执行该程序。只是通过从一个函数返回值，我无法访问例如第二个从range_function返回变量upper_range_cut

它有办法处理那个更短的？

此外，我对代码本身的每个注释(可读性，功能使用，长度)感到高兴。我知道可能通过使用列表理解可以缩短这段代码，但我还没有真正关注在这个领域看到机会。

所以感谢您的帮助！

KiliBio

你几乎就在那里。您可以删除所有全局变量，然后将每个函数返回的值存储到局部变量，并将它们传递给新函数。

我在下面做的唯一其他变化是：

如果答案被正确猜测，则打破评估循环。
如果在给定时间内未找到猜测，则打印消息。请参阅：Python while语句中的Else子句
底部的两行允许从命令行运行脚本。请参阅：如果__name__ =="__ main__"，该怎么办？

否则你看起来很好。

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import random

def main(): # main function
print("Welcome to the number guesser game")
lower, upper, rand = range_func()
total_guesses = max_guess_number(lower, upper)
evaluation(rand, total_guesses)

def range_func(): # allows user to select a range for the number guess
print("Please select a range in which you would like to guess.")
lower_range_cut = int(input("Lower boundary limit:"))
upper_range_cut = int(input("Upper boundary limit:"))
random_number = random.randint(lower_range_cut, upper_range_cut)
return lower_range_cut, upper_range_cut, random_number

def max_guess_number(low,high): # returns the total number of guesses
total_numbers = (high - low) + 1
total_guesses = 0
while (2**total_guesses) < total_numbers:
total_guesses += 1
print ("You have a total of %d guesses
"
"for your range between %d to %d"
% (total_guesses, low, high))

return total_guesses

def evaluation(random_number, total_guesses): # evaluates the users input
guess_count = 0
while guess_count < total_guesses:
guess_count += 1
user_guess = int(input("Your guess:"))
print("Your guess is: %d" % (user_guess))
if (random_number == user_guess):
print("You got it!")
break
else:
print"Sorry, you didn't guess it in time. The answer was: %d" % random_number

if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

您不需要定义global。您只需将从函数返回的值分配给变量即可。

一个简单的例子：

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def add(a, b):
"""This function returns the sum of two numbers"""
return a + b

现在在您的控制台中，您可以执行以下操作

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# print the return
>>> print(add(2, 3))
5

# assign it to a variable
>>> c = add(2, 3)
>>> c
5

在main函数中，您需要将不同函数返回的值分配给变量，这些变量可以进一步传递给其他函数。

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def main(): # main function
print("Welcome to the number guesser game")
lower_range_cut, upper_range_cut, random_number = range_func()
total_guesses = max_guess_number(lower_range_cut, upper_range_cut)
evaluation(random_number, total_guesses)