Download File Using Javascript/jQuery
我在这里指定了非常相似的要求。
我需要让用户的浏览器在
但我无法使用
相反,我想在新窗口/选项卡中打开下载。 这怎么可能?
使用不可见的
1 2 3 4 5 | <iframe id="my_iframe" style="display:none;"></iframe> function Download(url) { document.getElementById('my_iframe').src = url; }; |
要强制浏览器下载文件,否则它将能够呈现(例如HTML或文本文件),您需要服务器将文件的MIME类型设置为无意义的值,例如
如果您只想在新选项卡中打开它,唯一的方法是让用户单击其
在jQuery中:
1 2 | $('a#someID').attr({target: '_blank', href : 'http://localhost/directory/file.pdf'}); |
只要单击该链接,它就会在新的选项卡/窗口中下载该文件。
2019年现代浏览器更新
这是我现在推荐的方法,但有一些注意事项:
- 需要一个相对现代的浏览器
- 如果文件预计会非常大,您应该做一些类似于原始方法(iframe和cookie)的事情,因为以下某些操作可能会消耗系统内存,至少与正在下载的文件和/或其他有趣的CPU一样大副作用。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 | fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1') .then(resp => resp.blob()) .then(blob => { const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob); const a = document.createElement('a'); a.style.display = 'none'; a.href = url; // the filename you want a.download = 'todo-1.json'; document.body.appendChild(a); a.click(); window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url); alert('your file has downloaded!'); // or you know, something with better UX... }) .catch(() => alert('oh no!')); |
2012年的原始jQuery / iframe / cookie方法
我已经创建了jQuery文件下载插件(演示)(GitHub),它也可以帮助你的情况。它与iframe的工作方式非常相似,但有一些我发现非常方便的很酷的功能:
-
很容易设置好的视觉效果(jQuery UI对话,但不是必需的),一切都经过测试
-
用户永远不会离开他们发起文件下载的同一页面。此功能对于现代Web应用程序变得至关重要
-
successCallback和failCallback函数允许您明确用户在任一情况下看到的内容
-
结合jQuery UI,开发人员可以轻松地显示一个模式告诉用户文件下载正在发生,在下载开始后解除模式,甚至以友好的方式通知用户发生了错误。有关此示例,请参阅演示。希望这有助于某人!
这是一个使用带有promises的插件源的简单用例演示。该演示页面还包含许多其他"更好的用户体验"示例。
1 2 3 | $.fileDownload('some/file.pdf') .done(function () { alert('File download a success!'); }) .fail(function () { alert('File download failed!'); }); |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | function downloadURI(uri, name) { var link = document.createElement("a"); link.download = name; link.href = uri; link.click(); } |
检查您的目标浏览器是否能顺利运行上述代码段:http://caniuse.com/#feat=download
我很惊讶没有很多人知道元素的下载属性。请帮忙宣传它!你可以有一个隐藏的HTML链接,并伪造它点击它。如果html链接具有下载属性,则无论如何都会下载该文件,而不是查看它。这是代码。它会下载猫图片,如果它能找到它。
1 | document.getElementById('download').click(); |
1 |
注意:
并非所有浏览器都支持此功能:http://www.w3schools.com/tags/att_a_download.asp
我建议使用html5代替jQuery下载:
1 | file_name |
这将下载您的文件,而无需打开它。
如果您已经在使用jQuery,那么您可以利用jQuery来生成更小的代码片段
安德鲁的答案的jQuery版本:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | var $idown; // Keep it outside of the function, so it's initialized once. downloadURL : function(url) { if ($idown) { $idown.attr('src',url); } else { $idown = $('<iframe>', { id:'idown', src:url }).hide().appendTo('body'); } }, //... How to use it: downloadURL('http://whatever.com/file.pdf'); |
适用于Chrome,Firefox和IE8及更高版本。
1 2 3 4 | var link=document.createElement('a'); document.body.appendChild(link); link.href=url ; link.click(); |
使用
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | function downloadURL(url) { var hiddenIFrameID = 'hiddenDownloader', iframe = document.getElementById(hiddenIFrameID); if (iframe === null) { iframe = document.createElement('iframe'); iframe.id = hiddenIFrameID; iframe.style.display = 'none'; document.body.appendChild(iframe); } iframe.src = url; }; |
然后只需在任何地方调用函数:
仅仅七年之后,这里出现了一个使用表单而不是iframe或链接的单行jQuery解决方案:
1 2 3 | $('<form></form>') .attr('action', filePath) .appendTo('body').submit().remove(); |
我已经测试了这个
- Chrome 55
- Firefox 50
- Edge IE8-10
- iOS 10(Safari / Chrome)
- Android Chrome
如果有人知道这个解决方案的任何缺点,我会很高兴听到他们。
完整演示:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | <html> <head><script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.3.js"></head> <body> var filePath = window.prompt("Enter a file URL","http://jqueryui.com/resources/download/jquery-ui-1.12.1.zip"); $('<form></form>').attr('action', filePath).appendTo('body').submit().remove(); </body> </html> |
如果您不需要浏览其他页面,这可能会有所帮助。
这是基本的javascript函数,因此可以在任何后端使用Javascript的平台中使用
1 | window.location.assign('any url or file path') |
也许只是让你的javascript打开一个只下载文件的页面,就像将下载链接拖到新标签时一样:
1 2 | Window.open("https://www.MyServer. Org/downloads/ardiuno/WgiWho=?:8080") |
打开的窗口打开一个自动关闭的下载页面。
用于下载数据的最完整和工作(测试)代码对于FireFox,Chrome和IE代码如下。假设Data在texarea字段中,id ='textarea_area',filename是将下载数据的文件名。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 | function download(filename) { if (typeof filename==='undefined') filename =""; // default value = document.getElementById('textarea_area').value; filetype="text/*"; extension=filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf(".")); for (var i = 0; i < extToMIME.length; i++) { if (extToMIME[i][0].localeCompare(extension)==0) { filetype=extToMIME[i][1]; break; } } var pom = document.createElement('a'); pom.setAttribute('href', 'data: '+filetype+';charset=utf-8,' + '\ufeff' + encodeURIComponent(value)); // Added BOM too pom.setAttribute('download', filename); if (document.createEvent) { if (navigator.userAgent.indexOf('MSIE') !== -1 || navigator.appVersion.indexOf('Trident/') > 0) { // IE blobObject = new Blob(['\ufeff'+value]); window.navigator.msSaveBlob(blobObject, filename); } else { // FF, Chrome var event = document.createEvent('MouseEvents'); event.initEvent('click', true, true); pom.dispatchEvent(event); } } else if( document.createEventObject ) { // Have No Idea var evObj = document.createEventObject(); pom.fireEvent( 'onclick' , evObj ); } else { // For Any Case pom.click(); } } |
然后打电话
1 | Download |
对于下载启动。
用于为下载对话框设置正确MIME类型的数组可以如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 | // ----------------------- Extensions to MIME --------- // // List of mime types // combination of values from Windows 7 Registry and // from C:\Windows\System32\inetsrv\config\applicationHost.config // some added, including .7z and .dat var extToMIME = [ [".323","text/h323"], [".3g2","video/3gpp2"], [".3gp","video/3gpp"], [".3gp2","video/3gpp2"], [".3gpp","video/3gpp"], [".7z","application/x-7z-compressed"], [".aa","audio/audible"], [".AAC","audio/aac"], [".aaf","application/octet-stream"], [".aax","audio/vnd.audible.aax"], [".ac3","audio/ac3"], [".aca","application/octet-stream"], [".accda","application/msaccess.addin"], [".accdb","application/msaccess"], [".accdc","application/msaccess.cab"], [".accde","application/msaccess"], [".accdr","application/msaccess.runtime"], [".accdt","application/msaccess"], [".accdw","application/msaccess.webapplication"], [".accft","application/msaccess.ftemplate"], [".acx","application/internet-property-stream"], [".AddIn","text/xml"], [".ade","application/msaccess"], [".adobebridge","application/x-bridge-url"], [".adp","application/msaccess"], [".ADT","audio/vnd.dlna.adts"], [".ADTS","audio/aac"], [".afm","application/octet-stream"], [".ai","application/postscript"], [".aif","audio/x-aiff"], [".aifc","audio/aiff"], [".aiff","audio/aiff"], [".air","application/vnd.adobe.air-application-installer-package+zip"], [".amc","application/x-mpeg"], [".application","application/x-ms-application"], [".art","image/x-jg"], [".asa","application/xml"], [".asax","application/xml"], [".ascx","application/xml"], [".asd","application/octet-stream"], [".asf","video/x-ms-asf"], [".ashx","application/xml"], [".asi","application/octet-stream"], [".asm","text/plain"], [".asmx","application/xml"], [".aspx","application/xml"], [".asr","video/x-ms-asf"], [".asx","video/x-ms-asf"], [".atom","application/atom+xml"], [".au","audio/basic"], [".avi","video/x-msvideo"], [".axs","application/olescript"], [".bas","text/plain"], [".bcpio","application/x-bcpio"], [".bin","application/octet-stream"], [".bmp","image/bmp"], [".c","text/plain"], [".cab","application/octet-stream"], [".caf","audio/x-caf"], [".calx","application/vnd.ms-office.calx"], [".cat","application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat"], [".cc","text/plain"], [".cd","text/plain"], [".cdda","audio/aiff"], [".cdf","application/x-cdf"], [".cer","application/x-x509-ca-cert"], [".chm","application/octet-stream"], [".class","application/x-java-applet"], [".clp","application/x-msclip"], [".cmx","image/x-cmx"], [".cnf","text/plain"], [".cod","image/cis-cod"], [".config","application/xml"], [".contact","text/x-ms-contact"], [".coverage","application/xml"], [".cpio","application/x-cpio"], [".cpp","text/plain"], [".crd","application/x-mscardfile"], [".crl","application/pkix-crl"], [".crt","application/x-x509-ca-cert"], [".cs","text/plain"], [".csdproj","text/plain"], [".csh","application/x-csh"], [".csproj","text/plain"], [".css","text/css"], [".csv","text/csv"], [".cur","application/octet-stream"], [".cxx","text/plain"], [".dat","application/octet-stream"], [".datasource","application/xml"], [".dbproj","text/plain"], [".dcr","application/x-director"], [".def","text/plain"], [".deploy","application/octet-stream"], [".der","application/x-x509-ca-cert"], [".dgml","application/xml"], [".dib","image/bmp"], [".dif","video/x-dv"], [".dir","application/x-director"], [".disco","text/xml"], [".dll","application/x-msdownload"], [".dll.config","text/xml"], [".dlm","text/dlm"], [".doc","application/msword"], [".docm","application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroEnabled.12"], [".docx","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"], [".dot","application/msword"], [".dotm","application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroEnabled.12"], [".dotx","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template"], [".dsp","application/octet-stream"], [".dsw","text/plain"], [".dtd","text/xml"], [".dtsConfig","text/xml"], [".dv","video/x-dv"], [".dvi","application/x-dvi"], [".dwf","drawing/x-dwf"], [".dwp","application/octet-stream"], [".dxr","application/x-director"], [".eml","message/rfc822"], [".emz","application/octet-stream"], [".eot","application/octet-stream"], [".eps","application/postscript"], [".etl","application/etl"], [".etx","text/x-setext"], [".evy","application/envoy"], [".exe","application/octet-stream"], [".exe.config","text/xml"], [".fdf","application/vnd.fdf"], [".fif","application/fractals"], [".filters","Application/xml"], [".fla","application/octet-stream"], [".flr","x-world/x-vrml"], [".flv","video/x-flv"], [".fsscript","application/fsharp-script"], [".fsx","application/fsharp-script"], [".generictest","application/xml"], [".gif","image/gif"], [".group","text/x-ms-group"], [".gsm","audio/x-gsm"], [".gtar","application/x-gtar"], [".gz","application/x-gzip"], [".h","text/plain"], [".hdf","application/x-hdf"], [".hdml","text/x-hdml"], [".hhc","application/x-oleobject"], [".hhk","application/octet-stream"], [".hhp","application/octet-stream"], [".hlp","application/winhlp"], [".hpp","text/plain"], [".hqx","application/mac-binhex40"], [".hta","application/hta"], [".htc","text/x-component"], [".htm","text/html"], [".html","text/html"], [".htt","text/webviewhtml"], [".hxa","application/xml"], [".hxc","application/xml"], [".hxd","application/octet-stream"], [".hxe","application/xml"], [".hxf","application/xml"], [".hxh","application/octet-stream"], [".hxi","application/octet-stream"], [".hxk","application/xml"], [".hxq","application/octet-stream"], [".hxr","application/octet-stream"], [".hxs","application/octet-stream"], [".hxt","text/html"], [".hxv","application/xml"], [".hxw","application/octet-stream"], [".hxx","text/plain"], [".i","text/plain"], [".ico","image/x-icon"], [".ics","application/octet-stream"], [".idl","text/plain"], [".ief","image/ief"], [".iii","application/x-iphone"], [".inc","text/plain"], [".inf","application/octet-stream"], [".inl","text/plain"], [".ins","application/x-internet-signup"], [".ipa","application/x-itunes-ipa"], [".ipg","application/x-itunes-ipg"], [".ipproj","text/plain"], [".ipsw","application/x-itunes-ipsw"], [".iqy","text/x-ms-iqy"], [".isp","application/x-internet-signup"], [".ite","application/x-itunes-ite"], [".itlp","application/x-itunes-itlp"], [".itms","application/x-itunes-itms"], [".itpc","application/x-itunes-itpc"], [".IVF","video/x-ivf"], [".jar","application/java-archive"], [".java","application/octet-stream"], [".jck","application/liquidmotion"], [".jcz","application/liquidmotion"], [".jfif","image/pjpeg"], [".jnlp","application/x-java-jnlp-file"], [".jpb","application/octet-stream"], [".jpe","image/jpeg"], [".jpeg","image/jpeg"], [".jpg","image/jpeg"], [".js","application/x-javascript"], [".json","application/json"], [".jsx","text/jscript"], [".jsxbin","text/plain"], [".latex","application/x-latex"], [".library-ms","application/windows-library+xml"], [".lit","application/x-ms-reader"], [".loadtest","application/xml"], [".lpk","application/octet-stream"], [".lsf","video/x-la-asf"], [".lst","text/plain"], [".lsx","video/x-la-asf"], [".lzh","application/octet-stream"], [".m13","application/x-msmediaview"], [".m14","application/x-msmediaview"], [".m1v","video/mpeg"], [".m2t","video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts"], [".m2ts","video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts"], [".m2v","video/mpeg"], [".m3u","audio/x-mpegurl"], [".m3u8","audio/x-mpegurl"], [".m4a","audio/m4a"], [".m4b","audio/m4b"], [".m4p","audio/m4p"], [".m4r","audio/x-m4r"], [".m4v","video/x-m4v"], [".mac","image/x-macpaint"], [".mak","text/plain"], [".man","application/x-troff-man"], [".manifest","application/x-ms-manifest"], [".map","text/plain"], [".master","application/xml"], [".mda","application/msaccess"], [".mdb","application/x-msaccess"], [".mde","application/msaccess"], [".mdp","application/octet-stream"], [".me","application/x-troff-me"], [".mfp","application/x-shockwave-flash"], [".mht","message/rfc822"], [".mhtml","message/rfc822"], [".mid","audio/mid"], [".midi","audio/mid"], [".mix","application/octet-stream"], [".mk","text/plain"], [".mmf","application/x-smaf"], [".mno","text/xml"], [".mny","application/x-msmoney"], [".mod","video/mpeg"], [".mov","video/quicktime"], [".movie","video/x-sgi-movie"], [".mp2","video/mpeg"], [".mp2v","video/mpeg"], [".mp3","audio/mpeg"], [".mp4","video/mp4"], [".mp4v","video/mp4"], [".mpa","video/mpeg"], [".mpe","video/mpeg"], [".mpeg","video/mpeg"], [".mpf","application/vnd.ms-mediapackage"], [".mpg","video/mpeg"], [".mpp","application/vnd.ms-project"], [".mpv2","video/mpeg"], [".mqv","video/quicktime"], [".ms","application/x-troff-ms"], [".msi","application/octet-stream"], [".mso","application/octet-stream"], [".mts","video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts"], [".mtx","application/xml"], [".mvb","application/x-msmediaview"], [".mvc","application/x-miva-compiled"], [".mxp","application/x-mmxp"], [".nc","application/x-netcdf"], [".nsc","video/x-ms-asf"], [".nws","message/rfc822"], [".ocx","application/octet-stream"], [".oda","application/oda"], [".odc","text/x-ms-odc"], [".odh","text/plain"], [".odl","text/plain"], [".odp","application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation"], [".ods","application/oleobject"], [".odt","application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text"], [".one","application/onenote"], [".onea","application/onenote"], [".onepkg","application/onenote"], [".onetmp","application/onenote"], [".onetoc","application/onenote"], [".onetoc2","application/onenote"], [".orderedtest","application/xml"], [".osdx","application/opensearchdescription+xml"], [".p10","application/pkcs10"], [".p12","application/x-pkcs12"], [".p7b","application/x-pkcs7-certificates"], [".p7c","application/pkcs7-mime"], [".p7m","application/pkcs7-mime"], [".p7r","application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp"], [".p7s","application/pkcs7-signature"], [".pbm","image/x-portable-bitmap"], [".pcast","application/x-podcast"], [".pct","image/pict"], [".pcx","application/octet-stream"], [".pcz","application/octet-stream"], [".pdf","application/pdf"], [".pfb","application/octet-stream"], [".pfm","application/octet-stream"], [".pfx","application/x-pkcs12"], [".pgm","image/x-portable-graymap"], [".pic","image/pict"], [".pict","image/pict"], [".pkgdef","text/plain"], [".pkgundef","text/plain"], [".pko","application/vnd.ms-pki.pko"], [".pls","audio/scpls"], [".pma","application/x-perfmon"], [".pmc","application/x-perfmon"], [".pml","application/x-perfmon"], [".pmr","application/x-perfmon"], [".pmw","application/x-perfmon"], [".png","image/png"], [".pnm","image/x-portable-anymap"], [".pnt","image/x-macpaint"], [".pntg","image/x-macpaint"], [".pnz","image/png"], [".pot","application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"], [".potm","application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroEnabled.12"], [".potx","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template"], [".ppa","application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"], [".ppam","application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroEnabled.12"], [".ppm","image/x-portable-pixmap"], [".pps","application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"], [".ppsm","application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroEnabled.12"], [".ppsx","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow"], [".ppt","application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"], [".pptm","application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12"], [".pptx","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"], [".prf","application/pics-rules"], [".prm","application/octet-stream"], [".prx","application/octet-stream"], [".ps","application/postscript"], [".psc1","application/PowerShell"], [".psd","application/octet-stream"], [".psess","application/xml"], [".psm","application/octet-stream"], [".psp","application/octet-stream"], [".pub","application/x-mspublisher"], [".pwz","application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"], [".qht","text/x-html-insertion"], [".qhtm","text/x-html-insertion"], [".qt","video/quicktime"], [".qti","image/x-quicktime"], [".qtif","image/x-quicktime"], [".qtl","application/x-quicktimeplayer"], [".qxd","application/octet-stream"], [".ra","audio/x-pn-realaudio"], [".ram","audio/x-pn-realaudio"], [".rar","application/octet-stream"], [".ras","image/x-cmu-raster"], [".rat","application/rat-file"], [".rc","text/plain"], [".rc2","text/plain"], [".rct","text/plain"], [".rdlc","application/xml"], [".resx","application/xml"], [".rf","image/vnd.rn-realflash"], [".rgb","image/x-rgb"], [".rgs","text/plain"], [".rm","application/vnd.rn-realmedia"], [".rmi","audio/mid"], [".rmp","application/vnd.rn-rn_music_package"], [".roff","application/x-troff"], [".rpm","audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin"], [".rqy","text/x-ms-rqy"], [".rtf","application/rtf"], [".rtx","text/richtext"], [".ruleset","application/xml"], [".s","text/plain"], [".safariextz","application/x-safari-safariextz"], [".scd","application/x-msschedule"], [".sct","text/scriptlet"], [".sd2","audio/x-sd2"], [".sdp","application/sdp"], [".sea","application/octet-stream"], [".searchConnector-ms","application/windows-search-connector+xml"], [".setpay","application/set-payment-initiation"], [".setreg","application/set-registration-initiation"], [".settings","application/xml"], [".sgimb","application/x-sgimb"], [".sgml","text/sgml"], [".sh","application/x-sh"], [".shar","application/x-shar"], [".shtml","text/html"], [".sit","application/x-stuffit"], [".sitemap","application/xml"], [".skin","application/xml"], [".sldm","application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slide.macroEnabled.12"], [".sldx","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slide"], [".slk","application/vnd.ms-excel"], [".sln","text/plain"], [".slupkg-ms","application/x-ms-license"], [".smd","audio/x-smd"], [".smi","application/octet-stream"], [".smx","audio/x-smd"], [".smz","audio/x-smd"], [".snd","audio/basic"], [".snippet","application/xml"], [".snp","application/octet-stream"], [".sol","text/plain"], [".sor","text/plain"], [".spc","application/x-pkcs7-certificates"], [".spl","application/futuresplash"], [".src","application/x-wais-source"], [".srf","text/plain"], [".SSISDeploymentManifest","text/xml"], [".ssm","application/streamingmedia"], [".sst","application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore"], [".stl","application/vnd.ms-pki.stl"], [".sv4cpio","application/x-sv4cpio"], [".sv4crc","application/x-sv4crc"], [".svc","application/xml"], [".swf","application/x-shockwave-flash"], [".t","application/x-troff"], [".tar","application/x-tar"], [".tcl","application/x-tcl"], [".testrunconfig","application/xml"], [".testsettings","application/xml"], [".tex","application/x-tex"], [".texi","application/x-texinfo"], [".texinfo","application/x-texinfo"], [".tgz","application/x-compressed"], [".thmx","application/vnd.ms-officetheme"], [".thn","application/octet-stream"], [".tif","image/tiff"], [".tiff","image/tiff"], [".tlh","text/plain"], [".tli","text/plain"], [".toc","application/octet-stream"], [".tr","application/x-troff"], [".trm","application/x-msterminal"], [".trx","application/xml"], [".ts","video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts"], [".tsv","text/tab-separated-values"], [".ttf","application/octet-stream"], [".tts","video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts"], [".txt","text/plain"], [".u32","application/octet-stream"], [".uls","text/iuls"], [".user","text/plain"], [".ustar","application/x-ustar"], [".vb","text/plain"], [".vbdproj","text/plain"], [".vbk","video/mpeg"], [".vbproj","text/plain"], [".vbs","text/vbscript"], [".vcf","text/x-vcard"], [".vcproj","Application/xml"], [".vcs","text/plain"], [".vcxproj","Application/xml"], [".vddproj","text/plain"], [".vdp","text/plain"], [".vdproj","text/plain"], [".vdx","application/vnd.ms-visio.viewer"], [".vml","text/xml"], [".vscontent","application/xml"], [".vsct","text/xml"], [".vsd","application/vnd.visio"], [".vsi","application/ms-vsi"], [".vsix","application/vsix"], [".vsixlangpack","text/xml"], [".vsixmanifest","text/xml"], [".vsmdi","application/xml"], [".vspscc","text/plain"], [".vss","application/vnd.visio"], [".vsscc","text/plain"], [".vssettings","text/xml"], [".vssscc","text/plain"], [".vst","application/vnd.visio"], [".vstemplate","text/xml"], [".vsto","application/x-ms-vsto"], [".vsw","application/vnd.visio"], [".vsx","application/vnd.visio"], [".vtx","application/vnd.visio"], [".wav","audio/wav"], [".wave","audio/wav"], [".wax","audio/x-ms-wax"], [".wbk","application/msword"], [".wbmp","image/vnd.wap.wbmp"], [".wcm","application/vnd.ms-works"], [".wdb","application/vnd.ms-works"], [".wdp","image/vnd.ms-photo"], [".webarchive","application/x-safari-webarchive"], [".webtest","application/xml"], [".wiq","application/xml"], [".wiz","application/msword"], [".wks","application/vnd.ms-works"], [".WLMP","application/wlmoviemaker"], [".wlpginstall","application/x-wlpg-detect"], [".wlpginstall3","application/x-wlpg3-detect"], [".wm","video/x-ms-wm"], [".wma","audio/x-ms-wma"], [".wmd","application/x-ms-wmd"], [".wmf","application/x-msmetafile"], [".wml","text/vnd.wap.wml"], [".wmlc","application/vnd.wap.wmlc"], [".wmls","text/vnd.wap.wmlscript"], [".wmlsc","application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc"], [".wmp","video/x-ms-wmp"], [".wmv","video/x-ms-wmv"], [".wmx","video/x-ms-wmx"], [".wmz","application/x-ms-wmz"], [".wpl","application/vnd.ms-wpl"], [".wps","application/vnd.ms-works"], [".wri","application/x-mswrite"], [".wrl","x-world/x-vrml"], [".wrz","x-world/x-vrml"], [".wsc","text/scriptlet"], [".wsdl","text/xml"], [".wvx","video/x-ms-wvx"], [".x","application/directx"], [".xaf","x-world/x-vrml"], [".xaml","application/xaml+xml"], [".xap","application/x-silverlight-app"], [".xbap","application/x-ms-xbap"], [".xbm","image/x-xbitmap"], [".xdr","text/plain"], [".xht","application/xhtml+xml"], [".xhtml","application/xhtml+xml"], [".xla","application/vnd.ms-excel"], [".xlam","application/vnd.ms-excel.addin.macroEnabled.12"], [".xlc","application/vnd.ms-excel"], [".xld","application/vnd.ms-excel"], [".xlk","application/vnd.ms-excel"], [".xll","application/vnd.ms-excel"], [".xlm","application/vnd.ms-excel"], [".xls","application/vnd.ms-excel"], [".xlsb","application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroEnabled.12"], [".xlsm","application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12"], [".xlsx","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"], [".xlt","application/vnd.ms-excel"], [".xltm","application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroEnabled.12"], [".xltx","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template"], [".xlw","application/vnd.ms-excel"], [".xml","text/xml"], [".xmta","application/xml"], [".xof","x-world/x-vrml"], [".XOML","text/plain"], [".xpm","image/x-xpixmap"], [".xps","application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument"], [".xrm-ms","text/xml"], [".xsc","application/xml"], [".xsd","text/xml"], [".xsf","text/xml"], [".xsl","text/xml"], [".xslt","text/xml"], [".xsn","application/octet-stream"], [".xss","application/xml"], [".xtp","application/octet-stream"], [".xwd","image/x-xwindowdump"], [".z","application/x-compress"], [".zip","application/x-zip-compressed"] ]; // ----------------------- End of Extensions to MIME --------- // |
我不知道问题是否太旧,但只要下载mime类型正确(例如zip存档),将window.location设置为下载URL就可以了。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | var download = function(downloadURL) { location = downloadURL; }); download('http://example.com/archive.zip'); //correct usage download('http://example.com/page.html'); //DON'T |
为了改进Imagine Breaker的答案,FF和IE支持这个:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | var evt = document.createEvent("MouseEvents"); evt.initMouseEvent("click", true, true, window, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, false, false, false, false, 0, null); function downloadURI(uri, name) { var link = document.createElement("a"); link.download = name; link.href = uri; link.dispatchEvent(evt); } |
换句话说,只需使用
我使用FORM标签取得了很好的效果,因为它可以在任何地方使用,而且您不必在服务器上临时创建文件。该方法的工作原理如下。
在客户端(页面HTML),您创建一个这样的不可见的表单
1 2 3 | <form method="POST" action="/download.php" target="_blank" id="downloadForm"> <input type="hidden" name="data" id="csv"> </form> |
然后将此Javascript代码添加到按钮:
1 2 3 4 | $('#button').click(function() { $('#csv').val('---your data---'); $('#downloadForm').submit(); } |
在服务器端,您在
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | <?php header('Content-Type: text/csv'); header('Content-Description: File Transfer'); header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream'); header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=out.csv'); header('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary'); header('Connection: Keep-Alive'); header('Expires: 0'); header('Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0'); header('Pragma: public'); header('Content-Length: ' . strlen($data)); echo $_REQUEST['data']; exit(); |
您甚至可以像这样创建数据的zip文件:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | <?php $file = tempnam("tmp","zip"); $zip = new ZipArchive(); $zip->open($file, ZipArchive::OVERWRITE); $zip->addFromString('test.csv', $_REQUEST['data']); $zip->close(); header('Content-Type: application/zip'); header('Content-Length: ' . filesize($file)); header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="file.zip"'); readfile($file); unlink($file); |
最好的部分是它不会在您的服务器上留下任何残留文件,因为所有内容都是动态创建和销毁的!
对我来说,这是在chrome v72测试中正常工作
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | function down_file(url,name){ var a = $("") .attr("href", url) .attr("download", name) .appendTo("body"); a[0].click(); a.remove(); } down_file('https://www.useotools.com/uploads/nulogo[1].png','logo.png') |
这些函数在stacktrace.js中使用:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 | /** * Try XHR methods in order and store XHR factory. * * @return <Function> XHR function or equivalent */ var createXMLHTTPObject = function() { var xmlhttp, XMLHttpFactories = [ function() { return new XMLHttpRequest(); }, function() { return new ActiveXObject('Msxml2.XMLHTTP'); }, function() { return new ActiveXObject('Msxml3.XMLHTTP'); }, function() { return new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP'); } ]; for (var i = 0; i < XMLHttpFactories.length; i++) { try { xmlhttp = XMLHttpFactories[i](); // Use memoization to cache the factory createXMLHTTPObject = XMLHttpFactories[i]; return xmlhttp; } catch (e) { } } } /** * @return the text from a given URL */ function ajax(url) { var req = createXMLHTTPObject(); if (req) { try { req.open('GET', url, false); req.send(null); return req.responseText; } catch (e) { } } return ''; } |
hitesh在13年12月30日提交的答案确实有效。它只需要一点调整:
PHP文件可以调用自己。换句话说,只需创建一个名为saveAs.php的文件,并将此代码放入其中......
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 | Download pdf here <?php if (isset($_GET['file_source'])) { $fullPath = $_GET['file_source']; if($fullPath) { $fsize = filesize($fullPath); $path_parts = pathinfo($fullPath); $ext = strtolower($path_parts["extension"]); switch ($ext) { case"pdf": header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="".$path_parts["basename"]."""); // use 'attachment' to force a download header("Content-type: application/pdf"); // add here more headers for diff. extensions break; default; header("Content-type: application/octet-stream"); header("Content-Disposition: filename="".$path_parts["basename"]."""); } if($fsize) {//checking if file size exist header("Content-length: $fsize"); } readfile($fullPath); exit; } } ?> |
来自Corbacho的优秀解决方案,我只是适应了摆脱var
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | function downloadURL(url) { if( $('#idown').length ){ $('#idown').attr('src',url); }else{ $('<iframe>', { id:'idown', src:url }).hide().appendTo('body'); } } |
我建议你使用mousedown事件,它在click事件之前被调用。这样,浏览器自然地处理click事件,这避免了任何代码怪异:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | (function ($) { // with this solution, the browser handles the download link naturally (tested in chrome and firefox) $(document).ready(function () { var url = '/private/downloads/myfile123.pdf'; $("a#someID").on('mousedown', function () { $(this).attr("href", url); }); }); })(jQuery); |
使用锚标记和PHP可以完成,检查这个答案
JQuery Ajax调用PDF文件下载
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 | HTML Download pdf here PHP <?php $fullPath = $_GET['fileSource']; if($fullPath) { $fsize = filesize($fullPath); $path_parts = pathinfo($fullPath); $ext = strtolower($path_parts["extension"]); switch ($ext) { case"pdf": header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="".$path_parts["basename"]."""); // use 'attachment' to force a download header("Content-type: application/pdf"); // add here more headers for diff. extensions break; default; header("Content-type: application/octet-stream"); header("Content-Disposition: filename="".$path_parts["basename"]."""); } if($fsize) {//checking if file size exist header("Content-length: $fsize"); } readfile($fullPath); exit; } ?> |
我正在检查文件大小,因为如果你从CDN cloudfront加载pdf,你不会得到文件的大小迫使文件在0kb下载,为了避免这种情况我正在检查这个条件
1 2 3 | if($fsize) {//checking if file size exist header("Content-length: $fsize"); } |
Firefox和Chrome测试:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | var link = document.createElement('a'); link.download = 'fileName.ext' link.href = 'http://down.serv/file.ext'; // Because firefox not executing the .click() well // We need to create mouse event initialization. var clickEvent = document.createEvent("MouseEvent"); clickEvent.initEvent("click", true, true); link.dispatchEvent(clickEvent); |
这实际上是firefox的"chrome"方式解决方案(我没有在其他浏览器上测试它,所以请留下关于可编译性的评论)
注意:并非所有浏览器都支持。
我一直在寻找一种使用jquery下载文件的方法,而无需从头开始在href属性中设置文件url。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | jQuery('', { id: 'downloadFile', href: 'http://cdn.sstatic.net/Sites/stackoverflow/img/apple-touch-icon@2.png', style: 'display:hidden;', download: '' }).appendTo('body'); $("#downloadFile")[0].click(); |
1 | <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"> |
我最终使用下面的代码片段,它适用于大多数浏览器,但未在IE中测试过。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | function downloadURI(uri, name) { let link = document.createElement("a"); link.download = name; link.href = uri; link.style.display ="none"; document.body.appendChild(link); if (typeof MouseEvent !=="undefined") { link.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent("click")); } else { link.click(); } document.body.removeChild(link); } let data = [{email:"test@domain.com", name:"test"}, {email:"anothertest@example.com", name:"anothertest"}]; let json = JSON.stringify(data); let blob = new Blob([json], {type:"application/json"}); let url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob); downloadURI(url,"file.json"); window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url); |
我在没有JQuery的情况下使用@ rakaloof的解决方案(因为你在这里不需要它)。谢谢你的想法!这是一个基于vanillaJS表单的解决方案:
1 2 3 4 5 6 | const uri = 'https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Test_ogg_mp3_48kbps.wav'; let form = document.createElement("form"); form.setAttribute('action', uri); document.body.appendChild(form); form.submit(); document.body.removeChild(document.body.lastElementChild); |
尝试下载文件时可能会发生很多小事。单独浏览器之间的不一致是一场噩梦。我最终使用了这个很棒的小图书馆。
https://github.com/rndme/download
关于它的好处是,它不仅灵活,不仅适用于您想要下载的客户端数据。
我知道我参加晚会已经迟到了,但是我想分享我的解决方案,这是上面想象破解者解决方案的变种。我尝试使用他的解决方案,因为他的解决方案对我来说似乎最简单易行。但是像其他人说的那样,它对某些浏览器不起作用,所以我使用jquery对它进行了一些修改。
希望这可以帮助那里的人。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | function download(url) { var link = document.createElement("a"); $(link).click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location.href = url; }); $(link).click(); } |