At which moment and how often are executed the __init__.py files by python
当使用
它是在第一个模块导入时评估的。在下一次导入时，解释器检测到模块已经加载，并简单地返回对它的引用。不需要重新执行代码。
引用进口系统：
在缓存模块上：
The first place checked during import search is sys.modules. This mapping serves as a cache of all modules that have been previously imported, including the intermediate paths. So if foo.bar.baz was previously imported, sys.modules will contain entries for foo, foo.bar, and foo.bar.baz. Each key will have as its value the corresponding module object.
During import, the module name is looked up in sys.modules and if present, the associated value is the module satisfying the import, and the process completes. However, if the value is None, then an ImportError is raised. If the module name is missing, Python will continue searching for the module.
进口时执行
Python defines two types of packages, regular packages and namespace packages. Regular packages are traditional packages as they existed in Python 3.2 and earlier. A regular package is typically implemented as a directory containing an init.py file. When a regular package is imported, this __init__.py file is implicitly executed, and the objects it defines are bound to names in the package’s namespace. The __init__.py file can contain the same Python code that any other module can contain, and Python will add some additional attributes to the module when it is imported.