关于 ruby??：为什么我的 jekyll 命令不再工作了？

Why is my jekyll command not working anymore?

我最近发现 jekyll 命令在我的计算机上不再工作了，经过几个月的完美使用。

每当我尝试运行 jekyll 命令时，它都会显示：

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/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/dependency.rb:319:in `to_specs':
Could not find 'jekyll' (>= 0) among 34 total gem(s) (Gem::LoadError)
Checked in 'GEM_PATH=/Users/Mael/.gem/ruby/2.3.0:/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0:/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0',
execute `gem env` for more information
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/dependency.rb:328:in `to_spec'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/lib/ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_gem.rb:65:in `gem'
from /usr/local/bin/jekyll:22:in `<main>'

我使用的是 macOS Sierra (10.12.6)。

Xcode 已安装

我的电脑上安装了 Xcode：

1 2	$ xcode-select --install xcode-select: error: command line tools are already installed, use"Software Update" to install updates

重新安装 Jekyll

检查 ruby?? 版本并(重新)安装 bundler

所以我尝试像第一次一样重新安装 Jekyll：

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$ ruby -v
ruby 2.3.7p456 (2018-03-28 revision 63024) [universal.x86_64-darwin16]

$ sudo gem install bundler
Successfully installed bundler-1.17.1
Parsing documentation for bundler-1.17.1
Done installing documentation for bundler after 4 seconds
1 gem installed

创建一个 Gemfile

我创建了一个 Gemfile，其中包含：

1 2	gem 'github-pages' source 'https://rubygems.org'

捆绑安装(问题来了)

然后在包含 Gemfile 的目录中运行：

1	$ bundle install

这里，安装不工作，它说：

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An error occurred while installing commonmarker (0.17.13), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install commonmarker -v '0.17.13' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:
github-pages was resolved to 192, which depends on
jekyll-commonmark-ghpages was resolved to 0.1.5, which depends on
jekyll-commonmark was resolved to 1.2.0, which depends on
commonmarker

所以我尝试了 gem install commonmarker -v '0.17.13' --source 'https://rubygems.org/' 命令，它说：

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Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing commonmarker:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems/commonmarker-0.17.13/ext/commonmarker
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20181112-6105-u9aca2.rb extconf.rb
creating Makefile

current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems/commonmarker-0.17.13/ext/commonmarker
make"DESTDIR=" clean

current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems/commonmarker-0.17.13/ext/commonmarker
make"DESTDIR="
make: *** No rule to make target `/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.3/usr/include/ruby-2.3.0/universal-darwin16/ruby/config.h', needed by `arena.o'. Stop.

make failed, exit code 2

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems/commonmarker-0.17.13 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/extensions/universal-darwin-16/2.3.0/commonmarker-0.17.13/gem_make.out

我注意到我的 /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems (2.0.0) 目录中有几个 jekyll 和 github-pages gem：

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github-pages-146
github-pages-health-check-1.3.5
...
jekyll-3.4.5
jekyll-avatar-0.4.2
jekyll-coffeescript-1.0.1
[and several other jekyll directories]
...

但不在我的 /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems (2.3.0) 目录中！ (运行 jekyll 命令时似乎被 GEM_PATH 瞄准的那个)

所以，也许我做了一些改变版本的事情。 (我最近安装了 osxfuse 和 sshfs(通过 brew)，我不知道这是否与问题有关？)

我对 Ruby、Gems 系统等一无所知。也许解决方案很明显，但我尝试了几件事但没有成功。

(对不起，有点长，但我想尽可能清楚！)

我也不使用 Ruby，但我在 Mac OS 10.12.6 上遇到了类似的问题，我是这样解决的。

这很可能是由于系统 Ruby 环境和 Jekyll 之间的一些分歧造成的，最简单的解决方法是完全创建一个新环境。

首先，您应该使用 rvm 来管理您的 ruby?? 版本，以避免删除系统 Ruby 并破坏您的操作系统。设置 rvm 后，运行

1	rvm install 2.3.3

安装 Ruby 2.3.3(这是我使用的)。完成后，将其设为系统中的默认 Ruby 版本：

1	rvm --default use 2.3.3

然后我做了以下事情：

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gem install bundler
gem install jekyll
bundle install

杰基尔又为我工作了。

希望对您有所帮助。

相关讨论

也可能是你错误地安装了 Jekyll 的多个依赖项。在那种情况下

1	$ /usr/bin/jekyll serve

可能会起作用，或者删除一个或多个 Jekyll 安装。

查找

$ whereis jekyll

然后保留上面的一个并删除其余的安装。

jeklly 捆绑新网站时遇到同样的问题。

试试这个：

1 2	xcode-select --install gem install bundler jekyll

这就是我不需要 sudo 来安装 bundler jekyll 的方式。

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Install the Command Line Tools:
xcode-select --install

abcLabdeMacBook-Air:zeppelin-master abclab$ xcode-select --install
xcode-select: note: install requested for command line developer tools
abcLabdeMacBook-Air:zeppelin-master abclab$ gem install bundler jekyll
ERROR: While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
You don't have write permissions for the /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0 directory.
abcLabdeMacBook-Air:zeppelin-master abclab$ bundle install
Ignoring eventmachine-1.2.7 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine eventmachine --version 1.2.7
Ignoring ffi-1.9.25 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine ffi --version 1.9.25
Ignoring http_parser.rb-0.6.0 because its extensions are not built. Try: gem pristine http_parser.rb --version 0.6.0
Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/.................
Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/..
Resolving dependencies.....
Using concurrent-ruby 1.1.4
Following files may not be writable, so sudo is needed:
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/build_info
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/cache
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/doc
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/extensions
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/gems
/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.3.0/specifications
Using i18n 0.9.5
Using minitest 5.11.3
Using thread_safe 0.3.6
Using tzinfo 1.2.5
Using activesupport 4.2.10
Using public_suffix 2.0.5
Using addressable 2.5.2
Using execjs 2.7.0
Using autoprefixer-rails 9.4.7
Using bundler 2.0.1
Using chunky_png 1.3.11
Using coffee-script-source 1.11.1
Using coffee-script 2.4.1
Using colorator 1.1.0
Using ruby-enum 0.7.2
Fetching commonmarker 0.17.13

Your user account isn't allowed to install to the system RubyGems.
You can cancel this installation and run:

bundle install --path vendor/bundle

to install the gems into ./vendor/bundle/, or you can enter your password
and install the bundled gems to RubyGems using sudo.

Password:

Your user account isn't allowed to install to the system RubyGems.
You can cancel this installation and run:

bundle install --path vendor/bundle

to install the gems into ./vendor/bundle/, or you can enter your password
and install the bundled gems to RubyGems using sudo.

Password:
Installing commonmarker 0.17.13 with native extensions
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Bundle complete! 4 Gemfile dependencies, 91 gems now installed.
Use `bundle info [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.
Post-install message from compass:
Compass is charityware. If you love it, please donate on our behalf at http://umdf.org/compass Thanks!
Post-install message from dnsruby:
Installing dnsruby...
For issues and source code: https://github.com/alexdalitz/dnsruby
For general discussion (please tell us how you use dnsruby): https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/dnsruby
Post-install message from html-pipeline:
-------------------------------------------------
Thank you for installing html-pipeline!
You must bundle Filter gem dependencies.
See html-pipeline README.md for more details.
https://github.com/jch/html-pipeline#dependencies
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