How can I start my Ruby environment from scratch?
我一直在尝试在我的MacBook上升级我的Rails环境，我把一些事情搞砸了，但我不确定是什么。是否可以完全删除RVM、Ruby和Rails并从头开始？我对这一切应该如何运作感到很困惑。
我目前已经通过RVM安装了Ruby1.8.7和1.9.2。我把Rails升级到了3.0.9，但由于rake出现了一些错误，它现在拒绝工作。
/Users/Moshe/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p180/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/dependency.rb:247:in
to_specs': Could not find rails (>= 0) amongst [rake-0.8.7, rake-0.8.7, rubygems-update-1.8.5] (Gem::LoadError) to_spec'
from /Users/Moshe/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p180/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/dependency.rb:256:in
from /Users/Moshe/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p180/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems.rb:1182:ingem' '
from /Users/Moshe/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p180/bin/rails:18:in
我能做些什么来解决这个问题？我想回到Mac附带的Ruby版本。
(编辑：我在雪豹10.6.8上)
编辑2：
不过，我现在已经让rvm运行Ruby1.9.2和Rails3.0.9，尝试使用
AppMachineMobile:hello Moshe$ rails server
=> Booting WEBrick
=> Rails 3.0.9 application starting in development on http://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Call with -d to detach
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
Exiting
/Users/Moshe/Development/Ruby/hello/config/initializers/new_rails_defaults.rb:14: undefined method `generate_best_match=' for ActionDispatch::Routing:Module (NoMethodError)
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.9/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:235:in `load'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.9/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:235:in `load'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.9/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.9/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:596:in `new_constants_in'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.9/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.9/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:235:in `load'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.9/lib/rails/engine.rb:201
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.9/lib/rails/engine.rb:200:in `each'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.9/lib/rails/engine.rb:200
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.9/lib/rails/initializable.rb:25:in `instance_exec'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.9/lib/rails/initializable.rb:25:in `run'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.9/lib/rails/initializable.rb:50:in `run_initializers'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.9/lib/rails/initializable.rb:49:in `each'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.9/lib/rails/initializable.rb:49:in `run_initializers'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.9/lib/rails/application.rb:134:in `initialize!'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.9/lib/rails/application.rb:77:in `send'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.9/lib/rails/application.rb:77:in `method_missing'
from /Users/Moshe/Development/Ruby/hello/config/environment.rb:5
from /Users/Moshe/Development/Ruby/hello/config.ru:3:in `require'
from /Users/Moshe/Development/Ruby/hello/config.ru:3
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rack-1.2.3/lib/rack/builder.rb:46:in `instance_eval'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rack-1.2.3/lib/rack/builder.rb:46:in `initialize'
from /Users/Moshe/Development/Ruby/hello/config.ru:1:in `new'
from /Users/Moshe/Development/Ruby/hello/config.ru:1
我会努力从头开始。检查已安装的RVM：
1 | $rvm list |
你应该得到这样的信息：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | rvm rubies jruby-1.5.5 [ x86_64-java ] ree-1.8.7-2010.02 [ x86_64 ] ruby-1.8.6-p399 [ x86_64 ] ruby-1.8.7-p299 [ x86_64 ] => ruby-1.8.7-p302 [ x86_64 ] ruby-1.9.2-p0 [ x86_64 ] |
在每个部件上执行RVM卸载：
1 2 | $rvm uninstall 1.8.7 $rvm uninstall 1.9.2 |
安装Ruby 1.8.7：
1 | $ rvm install 1.8.7 |
安装最新的Ruby 1.9.2：
1 | $ rvm install 1.9.2 |
设置默认值(或1.8.7，如果您需要)：
1 | $ rvm use 1.9.2 --default |
安装PostgreSQL和sqlite gems(假设雪豹)：
1 | $ env ARCHFLAGS="-arch x86_64" gem install pg sqlite3-ruby |
安装导轨3(包括打捆机)：
1 | $ gem install rails |
如果您在Rails 2X项目中：
1 | $rvm use 1.8.7 |
如果您在Rails 3项目中：
1 | $rvm use 1.9.2 |
当您在每个RVM中时，如果您使用bundler，则通过"bundle install"加载与项目相关联的gems；如果您将所有内容都转储到环境中，则通过"rake gems:install"加载与项目相关联的gems。rb
1 | rm -rf .rvm .rvmrc |
如果您想确保从头开始，请删除项目目录中的.rvmrc文件。
除非您已经安装了一个系统范围的Ruby，除了通过RVM安装一个以外，您再也没有"ruby"命令了，直到您重新安装了RVM。
所以：
1 | bash < <(curl -s https://rvm.beginrescueend.com/install/rvm) |
重新安装RVM。现在一切都应该恢复到默认安装。
在您再次开始之前，请看一下RBENV作为RVM的替代方案。它更干净，更容易使用。
这可能会有所帮助：
http://blog.parsalabs.com/blog/2013/08/27/setting-up-a-ruby-on-rails-4-development-environment-on-a-clean-mac-os-x-installation/
RBENV是一个很棒的工具来管理你的红宝石。
我没有删除任何.rvm和.rvmrc文件。但我的问题已经解决了。我不知道是怎么解决的。但我告诉你我做了什么。首先，我在gemfile中使用了不稳定版本的rails gem。这就是问题发生的原因。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | gem 'rails', :path => '/home/user/life/rails' #this is an unstable rails 4.0.0 beta #gem 'rails', '3.2.8' user@sandip:~/life/samplelogin$ rails c /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p362/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/dependency.rb:247:in `to_specs': Could not find railties (>= 0) amongst [activerecord-deprecated_finders-0.0.1, arel-3.0.2, atomic-1.0.1, builder-3.1.4, bundler-1.2.3, bundler-1.2.3, erubis-2.7.0, hike-1.2.1, i18n-0.6.1, json-1.7.5, mail-2.5.3, mime-types-1.19, minitest-4.3.3, multi_json-1.5.0, mysql2-0.3.11, polyglot-0.3.3, rack-1.4.1, rack-test-0.6.2, rake-10.0.3, rake-0.9.2, rdoc-3.12, sprockets-2.8.2, sprockets-rails-2.0.0.rc1, thor-0.16.0, thread_safe-0.1.0, tilt-1.3.3, treetop-1.4.12, tzinfo-0.3.35] (Gem::LoadError) from /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p362/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/dependency.rb:256:in `to_spec' from /home/user/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p362/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems.rb:1210:in `gem' from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p362/bin/rails:18:in `<main>' |
接下来，我做的就是从本地文件夹评论gem。
1 2 3 | #gem 'rails', :path => '/home/user/life/rails' #this is an unstable rails 4.0.0 beta' gem 'rails', '3.2.8' |
然后运行bundle安装
然后做
1 2 3 | user@sandip:~/life/samplelogin$ rails c Loading development environment (Rails 3.2.8) 1.9.3p362 :001 > |